The disease shows itself in the form of papules, lesions or rashes on the skin. Jun 15, 2017 lichen planopilaris lpp is an inflammatory condition that causes patchy hair loss, mainly on the scalp. Oral lichen planus olp is a disease of unknown etiology affecting stratified squamous epithelia. Pdf on oct 1, 2011, rahul agrawal and others published pathogenesis of oral lichen planus find, read and cite all the research you need. Oral lichen planus fact sheet oral surgeon indianapolis.
The disease can also appear on the upper body, breasts, and upper arms. The inflammation of the skin and mucous membrane results in the formation of rashes. The cause of lichen planus is still not clear, but it is thought to be related to an over reaction in the skins defenceimmune system. Onset is usually acute, affecting the flexor surfaces of the wrists, forearms, and legs. Webmd explains other symptoms, causes, and treatment. Lichen sclerosus ls is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that results in white plaques with epidermal atrophy and scarring. What is the role of betel quid in the etiology of oral. The etiology behind olp developing into oral squamous cell carcinoma is poorly understood.
May 17, 2018 lichen sclerosus ls is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that results in white plaques with epidermal atrophy and scarring. Oral lichen planus with malignant transformation to invasive. Lichen planus is a skin rash triggered by the immune system. There may be lesions of genital mucosa, skin or skin appendages. Most people with lichen planus experience no to few symptoms, others may have painful sores or ulcers in the mouth. Lichen planus is an inflammatory skin condition, characterized by an itchy, noninfectious rash on the arms and legs. When this happens, the body starts to attack itself. In cases of oral lichen planus, the mucous membranes inside your mouth are the only. This means the persons immune system reacts as though the skin and other parts of the body are foreign. Oral lichen planus olp is a disease of unknown etiology affecting. Mar 29, 2018 oral lichen planus olp is a mucosal subtype of lichen planus. The chart showing pdf series, word series, html series, scan qr codes. Lichen planus lichen ruber planus causes and symptoms.
There are no proven causes, but it is thought that autoimmunity is involved. No significant geographical variation and no racial or sex predispositions have been observed. Mar 20, 2020 lichen planus is reported in less than 1% of the population. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and the mucus membrane. The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus sage journals. Olp presents as white striations, white papules, white plaques, erythema, erosions, or blisters affecting predominantly the buccal mucosa, tongue and gingiva. Oral lichen planus presents symptoms different from other cases of lichen planus. Lichen planus is a longterm condition that affects the skin and mucus membranes. Lichen planus is a fairly distinctive, chronic, immunologically mediated mucocutaneous disease, of uncertain etiology that was first described as a disease of the skin that can also affect mucosal. Stress may be involved in symptoms becoming worse or recurring. N2 oral lichen planus is a noninfectious, chronic inflammatory condition that involves the oral mucosal stratified squamous epithelium and the underlying lamina propria and may be accompanied by skin lesions. Oral lichen planus olp, the mucosal counterpart of cutaneous lichen planus, presents frequently in the fourth decade of life and affects women more than men in a ratio of 1.
Lichen planus is a chronic, or longterm, disease affecting the skin and mucous membranes, the thin layers of tissue that line body. Lichen planus clinical features oral lesions tend to be bilateral, mainly in the buccal mucosae. It is one of the most common dermatological disease present in the oral cavity. Oral lichen planus olp is a mucosal subtype of lichen planus. Lichen planus is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disorder of the skin and mucous membranes.
Lichen planopilaris genetic and rare diseases information. Request pdf etiology and pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. The exact reasons for it are little known and more research is being done, although it is a fairly rare condition so funding is limited. This overview describes the current understanding of the immunopathologic mechanisms implicated in oral lichen planus. Anyone can develop oral lichen planus, but its more common in middle.
Abdelhaq a, kusnierzcabala b, darczuk d, sobuta e, dumnicka p, wojaspelc a, et al. Cutaneous lichen planus clp most commonly involves the flexor surfaces of the extremities and presents as small itchy violaceous papules in. Pdf the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus researchgate. Lichen planus is a chronic recurrent skin disease of unknown cause with no established cure lichen planus generally affects adults and can involve any portion of the skin and lining tissue mucous membranes of the mouth andor vagina, but it has a predilection for the wrists, ankles, and oral and genital tissues.
Oral lichen planus genetic and rare diseases information. T dental college gurgaon, haryana, india abstract oral lichen planus is a cellmediated immune condition. Oral lichen planus olp is the most frequent mucosal localization of lichen planus, affecting about 12% of the population. Lichen planus lp is an inflammatory disorder of the skin and mucous membranes with no known cause. Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts. Lichen planus find the perfect cure in homeopathy lichen planus is a chronic condition that affects the skin, oral mucosa or the tongue. The magic of herbal curcumin therapy in recurrent oral lichen. There may also be involvement of the lining tissue. It is characterized by polygonal, flattopped, violaceous papules and plaques with overlying, reticulated, fine white scale wickhams striae, commonly affecting dorsal hands, flexural wrists and forearms, trunk, anterior lower legs and oral mucosa. Lichen planus is believed to represent an abnormal immune response in which epithelial cells are recognized. Discover 10 common causes of lichen planus at 10faq health and stay better informed to make healthy living decisions.
Lichen planus is a benign not cancer condition that affects either the skin or the lining of the mouth. Lichen planus lichen ruber planus causes and symptoms see online here the primary pathophysiology of lichen planus is cd8 cellmediated damage to keratinocytes. The lesions are often covered by lacy, reticular, white lines known as wickham striae. There are many treatments used to treat lichen planus and treatment needs to be selected to fit. There may be several contributing factors, and each case is different. The incidence may increase in december and january. Lichen planus of the mouth, vagina, nails, and scalp rarely clears by itself and can cause permanent scarring. However, lichenoid reactions are seen following contact with. No one knows what causes it, but there are a number of theories, ranging from stress to genetics. If caused by medication or fillings, lichen planus will clear after the treatment is stopped or the fillings removed.
What causes most cases of lichen planus remains unclear. W e dont know what causes lichen planus, but we do know that lichen planus is not caused by an infection bacteria, virus or fungus or any identifiable. Jul 20, 2011 oral lichen planus is a inflammatory condition that affects the inside of the mouth. Jul 06, 2017 lichen planus is an itchy skin rash that is caused by an immune response. Lichen planus pigmentosus lpp is a rare form of lichen planus. Apr 04, 2018 lichen planus is a skin rash triggered by the immune system. Areas that are exposed to sun such as the forehead, temples and neck are most commonly affected.
The magic of herbal curcumin therapy in recurrent oral. Lichen planus lp is a chronic, but benign and selflimited disease of the skin andor oral mucosa with an unknown etiology. If this is the case, treatment may not be necessary. It most commonly involves the oral mucosa when compared with other mucosal sites.
Its possible that, in some people, oral lichen planus may be triggered by certain medications, mouth injury, infection or allergycausing agents such as dental materials. Genital lichen planus mayo clinic clinical photographs used with permission citation ends. Lichen planus of the mouth, vagina, nails, and scalp rarely clears by. Lichen planus has been found to be associated with hepatitis c virus infection, chronic active hepatitis, and primary biliary cirrhosis. Ppt lichen planus lp powerpoint presentation free to. When lichen planus develops in the mouth, it often does not cause pain or other symptoms. An overview oral lichen planus olp is a noninfectious chronic inflammatory condition that involves the oral mucosal stratified. Several clinical morphologic patterns have been described, and multiple therapies with variable results have been used. It consists of small, manysided, flattopped, pink or purple bumps. Its appearance may vary from presence of keratotic to erythematous areas. Lichen planus lp is a skin condition which shows exacerbations and remissions over time.
Lichen planus may affect the skin cutaneous lichen planus, oral cavity oral lichen planus, genitalia penile or vulvar lichen planus, scalp lichen planopilaris, nails, or esophagus. One theory is that lichen planus is an autoimmune disease. Oral lichen planus olp is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Oral lichen planus usually causes only a limited lacy network of pale, shiny, red or white, slightlyraised areas or patches on the sides of your tongue or inside your cheeks. Lichen planus actinicus is a photodistributed variant of lichen planus that most often occurs in individuals with dark complexions. When it affects the mouth it is called oral lichen planus, and appears as white patches or weblike threads inside the cheeks. It can affect mucosa in other parts of the body including the esophagus, genitals and the skin. This white lacelike patch on the interior surface of the cheek is. In discussing the etiology of lichen planus most writers have been content to enumerate certain generalities as to age, sex and environment, and to epitomize our ignorance in some such phrase as the exact etiology is unknown or the causes are obscure. Lichen planus can be found in various sites on the body. Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment 1 lichen planus is a chronic skin rash that mainly occurs around the mouth, wrist, ankles, and genitals. The disease does not cause skin cancer but may increase your risk for cancer if your skin is scarred. Lichen planus is an uncommon disorder of unknown cause that most commonly affects middleaged adults.
When it affects the nails, lichen planus causes thinning, ridging and splitting. It is characterized by a symmetric eruption of flattopped, erythematous or violaceous papules resembling lichen planus on the trunk and extremities. Sonia gupta 1, manveen kaur jawanda 2 1 department of oral pathology, swami devi dyal hospital and dental college, golpura, barwala, punjab, india 2 laxmibai institute of dental sciences and hospital, patiala, punjab, india. It appears as pruritic, violaceous papules and plaques. Lichenoid tissue reaction or interface dermatitis embrace several clinical conditions, the prototype of which is lichen planus and its variants, drug induced lichenoid dermatitis, special forms of lichenoid dermatitis, lichenoid dermatitis in lupus erythematosus, and miscellaneous disorders showing lichenoid dermatitis, the salient clinical and histological features of which are described to. The condition is painful, most commonly affecting the oral mucosa. In cases of oral lichen planus, the mucous membranes inside your mouth are the only area affected.
However, in some cases, lichen planus seems to come and go of its own accord and it is possible that it will disappear completely. The condition usually presents as an itchy rash on various parts of the body. It may be found with other diseases of altered immunity, such as ulcerative colitis, lichen sclerosis, myasthenia gravis etc. In many instances, oral involvement precedes the appearance of other symptoms or lesions at other locations. Interleukin6 and neopterin levels in the serum and saliva of patients with lichen planus and oral lichen planus. Erosive lichen planus elp is an uncommon variant of oral lichen planus that is chronic and sometimes untreatable, according to the mayo clinic. Lichen planus lesions are described using the six ps planar flattopped, purple, polygonal, pruritic, papules, plaques. Lichen sclerosus is a longterm problem that usually affects the skin of the genital and anal areas. The condition can occur in any adult, though, and its within this population that the uncommon variant elp can develop. It is characterized by small, flattopped, polygonal bumps that may coalesce into rough, scaly plaques on the skin. Although the exact etiology of lichen planus is unknown, an immunemediated pathogenesis is recognized. Middle aged women are twice as likely to be af fected as men.
Lichen planus dermatology jama dermatology jama network. Etiology of olp is unknown, but it is thought to be the result of an autoimmune process with an unknown predisposing factor. It is characterized by oval or irregularlyshaped brown to graybrown macules and patches on the skin. Oral lichen planus olp is a common chronic mucocutaneous disorder with an immune mediated pathogenesis. To find out whether lichen planus is an autoimmune disease, we need more research.
It may also be linked to the hepatitis b or c virus. Classic lichen planus often goes away after a few months or years, although it may return. It is associated with skin lesions in 6070% of cases, while occurring. Reticular lesions are most often found on the buccal mucosae, sometimes on the tongue. Oral lichen planus is a chronic disease that causes painful patches inside the mouth. Sunlight seems to be a triggering factor in most cases.
Diagnosis is usually clinical and supported by skin biopsy. Oral lichen planus olp is a benign, inflammatory condition of the mouth that occasionally in 10% to 20% of patients may involve the skin and genital areas. Lichen planus is a recurrent, pruritic, inflammatory eruption characterized by small, discrete, polygonal, flattopped, violaceous papules that may coalesce into rough scaly plaques, often accompanied by oral andor genital lesions. Lichen planus is an itchy skin rash that is caused by an immune response. Lichen planus lp is a chronic inflammatory and immune mediated disease that affects the skin, nails, hair, and mucous membranes. Feb 20, 2019 lichen planus is an inflammatory disorder that appears as purplish, flattopped bumps when it affects the skin. Full text pdf abstract lichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous disease, inflammatory condition, autoimmune nature and unknown etiology, in which an aggression is produced by the t lymphocytes against the basal cells of the epithelium of the buccal. Current literature has predominantly sided with the notion that oral lichen planus olp carries the risk for malignant potential. Pdf both antigenspecific and nonspecific mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus olp. Lichen sclerosus has both genital and extragenital presentations and also goes by the names lichen sclerosus et atrophicus dermatological literature, balanitis xerotica obliterans glans penis presentation, and krau. Lichenoid drug eruption, also called druginduced lichen planus, is an uncommon cutaneous adverse effect of several drugs.
Oral lichen planus olp occurs more frequently than the cutaneous form and tends to be more persistent and more resistant to treatment. The lesions of cutaneous lichen planus typically resolve within 12 years, whereas the reticular forms of oral lichen planus have a mean duration of 5 years and erosive lesions of oral lichen planus are longlasting and persist for up to 1520 years or longer. Lichen planus is an autoimmune disease, which means the body is being attacked by its own immune system. Lichen planus is not contagious and cannot be passed to a sexual partner. Less commonly, it may turn into a painful erosive lesion, or ulcer. An update on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. It is a form of lichen planus that most often affects women in young adulthood. Lichen planus is a mucocutaneous disorder which involves various mucosal surfaces either alone or along with involvement of skin. Oral lichen planus is a complex and poorly understood clinical condition. Most of the essential clinical and histologic information concerning oral lichen planus. When lichen planus causes pain, burning, redness, blisters, sores, or ulcers, it can be treated.
Pdf pathogenesis of oral lichen planus researchgate. Signs and symptoms include patches of fine white lines and dots most commonly in the inside of the cheeks, gums, andor tongue. Lichen planus is a cellmediated immune response of unknown origin. T1 etiology and pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Edwards, bsc, msc, dds robert kelsch,dmd abstract oral lichen planus olp is a chronic mucosal condition commonly encountered in clinical dental practice. Hepatitis c may also induce susceptibility by changing cytokine expression in some patient populations. Oral lichen planus is a noninfectious, chronic inflammatory condition that involves the oral mucosal stratified squamous epithelium and the underlying lamina propria and may be accompanied by skin lesions. Oral lichen planus olp is a tcellmediated chronic inflam matory oral mucosal disease of unknown etiology. Lichen planus british association of dermatologists. According to the american academy of oral medicine, lichen planus affects 2 percent of the population, with women older than age 50 being the most commonly affected.
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